Another notable early instrument is the Hammond Novachord, first produced in 1938, which had many of the same features as later analog synthesizers.Įarly analog synthesizers used technology from electronic analog computers and laboratory test equipment. However, some individual studios and instruments achieved a high level of sophistication, such as the Trautonium of Oskar Sala, the Electronium of Raymond Scott, and the ANS synthesizer of Evgeny Murzin. While some electric instruments were produced in bulk, such as Georges Jenny's Ondioline, the Hammond organ, and the Trautonium, many of these would not be considered synthesizers by the standards of later instruments. The earliest synthesizers used a variety of thermionic-valve ( vacuum tube) and electro-mechanical technologies. The earliest mention of a "synthetic harmoniser" using electricity appears to be in 1906, created by the Scottish physicist James Robert Milne FRSE (d.1961). While 1960s-era analog synthesizers such as the Moog used a number of independent electronic modules connected by patch cables, later analog synthesizers such as the Minimoog integrated them into single units, eliminating patch cords in favour of integrated signal routing systems. Analog synthesizers also use low-pass filters and high-pass filters to modify the sound. After the 1960s, analog synthesizers were built using operational amplifier (op-amp) integrated circuits, and used potentiometers (pots, or variable resistors) to adjust the sound parameters. The earliest analog synthesizers in the 1920s and 1930s, such as the Trautonium, were built with a variety of vacuum-tube (thermionic valve) and electro-mechanical technologies. The Minimoog is one of the most popular analog synthesizers ever builtĪn analog ( British English: analogue) synthesizer (or synthesiser) is a synthesizer that uses analog circuits and analog signals to generate sound electronically.
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